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Fundamentals of Language Acquisition

By Prof. Bidisha Som   |   IIT Guwahati
Learners enrolled: 177
ABOUT THE COURSE:

How humans acquire language is not a question only linguists ask; it is a mystery to many as how children learn the nuances of the most complex grammatical structures effortlessly that adults and machines find difficult. This is a key topic within Linguistics and all students of the discipline require an understanding of the nuances of the same. Not just Linguistics, this is important from the perspective of child development as well as research in intervention in language teaching tools etc. The course will cover the main theories of first language acquisition, acquisition of the components of language like phonology, morphology, words, syntax, semantics, communication skills, second language acquisition as well as language acquisition among atypical children. to give a holistic understanding of the topic at hand. Each of these domains will be thoroughly discussed, with adequate theoretical understanding as well as empirical data from research.

INTENDED AUDIENCE: UG/PG/PhD students from any discipline and early career researchers dealing with language related courses or teaching. Also applicable for students of developmental psychology, speech and language disorder, cognitive science as well as industry specializing in the domain of language and social interventions for atypical children suffering from cognitive disorders/ delay.

INDUSTRY SUPPORT: Companies dealing with Language learning/teaching material creation, child development, language disorders and interventions are relevant.
Summary
Course Status : Upcoming
Course Type : Core
Language for course content : English
Duration : 12 weeks
Category :
  • Humanities and Social Sciences
  • Linguistics
  • English Studies
Credit Points : 3
Level : Undergraduate/Postgraduate
Start Date : 21 Jul 2025
End Date : 10 Oct 2025
Enrollment Ends : 28 Jul 2025
Exam Registration Ends : 15 Aug 2025
Exam Date : 01 Nov 2025 IST
NCrF Level   : 4.5 — 8.0

Note: This exam date is subject to change based on seat availability. You can check final exam date on your hall ticket.


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Course layout

Week 1:  Evolution of human language:

Lecture1: Introduction to the course: roadmap; Language evolution among humans; Child language acquisition and language evolution: the connecting threads
Lecture 2: theories of language evolution: Biological basis of evolution: gesture and neural basis of language evolution:
Lecture 3: Important scholars and their contribution: Noam Chomsky, Mark Hauser, Howes, Michael Corballis and Philip Lieberman.
Lecture 4: cultural basis of evolution: language as a cultural tool: Simon Kirby, Daniel Everett; vocal theory of language evolution
Lecture 5: latest status of the debate and research, future directions.

Week 2: Theories of language acquisition

Lecture 1: Child language development: prenatal, neonatal, childhood stages.
Lecture 2: Theories of language acquisition: Behaviorism: Nativism, cognitivism. Scholars and their contribution: Skinner, Bandura, Chomsky, Sellers, Vygotsky, Piaget
Lecture 3: important variables in child language acquisition: critical period hypothesis, theory of mind. br> Lecture 4: joint attention, body schematics
Lecture 5. methods of studying language acquisition among children: Looking Time, Preferential Looking Paradigm, Head Turn Preference Procedure, vocabulary assessment (language sampling, parent report & direct assessment), other modern tools like EEG.

Week 3: Phonology: Learning the sounds of language

Lecture 1: Stages of phonological development in human children: Prenatal, neonatal and childhood.
Lecture 2: Theories of speech perception: motor theory of speech perception, universal theory.
Lecture 3: attunement theory: perceptual assimilation mode, PRIMIR, native language magnet theory.
Lecture 4: speech segmentation: prosodic cues, phonotactic regularities, allophonic variations.
Lecture 5: Speech production: theories and findings.

Week 4: Acquiring Morphology

Lecture 1: Morphology: inflectional and derivational;
Lecture 2: children learning inflectional morphology; past tense debate; blocking hypothesis
Lecture 3: nativist and constructivist theories of morphology acquisition
Lecture 4: single route, dual route and connectionist models
Lecture 5: production

Week 5: Word and their meaning
Lecture 1: From phonological word form to word-meaning mapping; word comprehension:
Lecture 2: reference problem and extension problem;
Lecture 3: theories of innate linguistic bias,
Lecture 4: non-linguistic factors and syntactic bootstrapping,
Lecture 5: emergentist coalition model;

Week 6: Learning syntax: the sentence structures and their properties

Lecture 1: Nativist and constructivist theories of learning sentence structure
Lecture 2: syntactic development
Lecture 3: constraints on productivity
Lecture 4: morphosyntactic dependency
Lecture 5: movement dependency

Week 7: Learning more than one language: second language acquisition (SLA)

Lecture 1: What is SLA? Early approaches to second language learning (and bilingualism) and its impact.
Lecture 2: Parallels and differences between first and second language acquisition
Lecture 3: different theoretical approaches to understand SLA: Universal grammar
Lecture 4: Functional approaches
Lecture 5: psychological and neural aspects of SLA: complexity theory, learner differences

Week 8: Second language acquisition continued.

Lecture 6: social aspects of SLA : macro and microsocial aspects; social Vs tutored acquisition of L2; L2 Vs foreign language learning.
Lecture 7: childhood bilingualism: simultaneous
Lecture 8: childhood SLA: stages, research findings
Lecture 9: adult SLA: age, input, interaction,
Lecture 10: new domains: heritage language learning, language dominance, bilingual processing

Week 9: Role of nurture

Lecture 1: Perceptual input and language acquisition
Lecture 2 &3: nature of input: baby talk register/motherese,
Lecture 4 & 5: ecological brain

Week 10: Learning to communicate: The rules of the game

Lecture 1:Grice’s rules of communication; pre-verbal communication among children
Lecture 2: Verbal communication: Speech acts
Lecture 3: Scalar implicature
Lecture 4: Use of reference words
Lecture 5: Turn taking

Week 11: Brain and language development:

Lecture 1: brain development and main ‘language areas’
Lecture 2: Aphasia and epilepsy data
Lecture 3: language development and neural corelates
Lecture 4 & 5: bilingualism and its impact on brain and its activation pattern

Week 12: Language acquisition among atypical population

Lecture 1: language and other cognitive disorders: dependent or independent? Williams syndrome
Lecture 2: Specific language impairment, developmental dyslexia
Lecture 3: Autism spectrum disorder, Down’s syndrome
Lecture 4: Interventions
Lecture 5: concluding remarks and some latest trends

Books and references

 1. Lust, Barbara (2006). Child language: acquisition and growth. Cambridge University Press.
 2. Rowland, Caroline (2014). Understanding child language acquisition. Routledge.
 3. Saxton, Mathew (2010). Child language: acquisition and development. Sage Publications Ltd.
 4. Guasti, Maria Teresa (2017). Language acquisition: The growth of grammar. MIT Press.
 5. Clark, Eve V. (2009). First language acquisition. Cambridge University Press.
 6. Saville Troike, Muriel. (2012). Introducing second language acquisition. Cambridge University Press.
 7. Meisel Jurgen M. (2011). First and second language acquisition: Parallels and differences. Cambridge University Press.
 8. Vygotsky, Lev. (2012). Thought and language. The MIT Press.
 9. Piaget, Jean (1959). The language and thought of the child. Routledge and Kegan Paul.

Instructor bio

Prof. Bidisha Som

IIT Guwahati
Prof. Bidisha Som is a Professor of Linguistics at the Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati. She is trained as a linguist and her work falls in the domain of cognitive science of language, with specific focus on language-culture and cognition interaction. She has sixteen years of teaching experience and research specialization in psycholinguistics of bilingualism, Cognitive Linguistics, language processing, language acquisition, atypical language development and so on. She has authored a number papers in these domains and presented her work in prestigious conferences across the world. She collaborates with linguists, psychologists, cognitive scientists and neuroscientists from around the world, and has been recipient of grants in cognitive and brain sciences from Government of India (DST) as well as abroad (EU).

Course certificate

The course is free to enroll and learn from. But if you want a certificate, you have to register and write the proctored exam conducted by us in person at any of the designated exam centres.
The exam is optional for a fee of Rs 1000/- (Rupees one thousand only).
Date and Time of Exams: November 01, 2025 Morning session 9am to 12 noon; Afternoon Session 2pm to 5pm.
Registration url: Announcements will be made when the registration form is open for registrations.
The online registration form has to be filled and the certification exam fee needs to be paid. More details will be made available when the exam registration form is published. If there are any changes, it will be mentioned then.
Please check the form for more details on the cities where the exams will be held, the conditions you agree to when you fill the form etc.

CRITERIA TO GET A CERTIFICATE

Average assignment score = 25% of average of best 8 assignments out of the total 12 assignments given in the course.
Exam score = 75% of the proctored certification exam score out of 100

Final score = Average assignment score + Exam score

Please note that assignments encompass all types (including quizzes, programming tasks, and essay submissions) available in the specific week.

YOU WILL BE ELIGIBLE FOR A CERTIFICATE ONLY IF AVERAGE ASSIGNMENT SCORE >=10/25 AND EXAM SCORE >= 30/75. If one of the 2 criteria is not met, you will not get the certificate even if the Final score >= 40/100.

Certificate will have your name, photograph and the score in the final exam with the breakup.It will have the logos of NPTEL and IIT Guwahati .It will be e-verifiable at nptel.ac.in/noc.

Only the e-certificate will be made available. Hard copies will not be dispatched.

Once again, thanks for your interest in our online courses and certification. Happy learning.

- NPTEL team


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