Module 1: Introduction of geometrical optics and ray theory, Fermat’s principle, refraction from single and double interfaces
Module 2: Matrix method in paraxial optics, thick and thin lenses, unit planes, nodal planes, system of thin lenses
Module 3: Concept of wavefront, Huygens’ principle and its applications, superposition of waves, introduction to polarization, linear, circular and elliptical polarizations
Module 4: Interference of light waves, Young’s double slit experiment, interference of polarized light, interference with white light, displacement of fringes, Fresnel’s biprism
Module 5: Interference by division of amplitude, thin parallel films, wedge shaped films, Newton’s rings, Michelson interferometer and its applications
Module 6: Multiple beam interference, Fabry–Pérot interferometer and etalon, concept of coherence
Module 7: Introduction to diffraction, Fraunhofer diffraction, single, double and multiple slit diffraction
Module 8: Diffraction at a rectangular and circular apertures, diffraction grating, grating spectrum and resolving power, Fresnel diffraction
Module 9: Fresnel half period zones, vibration curve, circular obstacle, zone plates, rectangular aperture, diffraction of a plane wave by a long narrow slit and transition to Fraunhofer region, diffraction at a straight edge, diffraction by a narrow obstacle, Babinet’s principle
Module 10: Brewster’s law, Malus’s law, Phenomenon of double refraction, normal and oblique incidence, production of polarized light
Module 11: Quarter and half wave plates, analysis of polarized light, optical activity, plane wave propagation in anisotropic media
Module 12: Antireflection coatings, basics concepts of holography, basics concepts and ray optics considerations of optical fiber, introduction to lasers
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